Commission hearing. Aifa, "on behalf" distribution grows, "direct" decreases. Nello Martini: "to pay less for drugs and to increase payback"

Negli ultimi anni “è stato riscontrato uno spostamento” della distribuzione dei farmaci attraverso il canale per conto, cioè tramite le farmacie convenzionate, “a svantaggio della distribuzione diretta”, ovvero quella che avviene attraverso le strutture sanitarie. I dati, infatti, mostrano, “dal 2018 al 2021, un aumento dell’utilizzo del canale distribuzione per conto e una diminuzione del ricorso alla distribuzione diretta di classe A”, che comprende i farmaci essenziali e per le malattie croniche.

As Francesco Trotta, dirigente Ufficio Monitoraggio della spesa farmaceutica dell’Agenzia italiana del farmaco (Aifa), durante l’audizione in Commissione Affari sociali della Camera, nell’ambito dell’indagine conoscitiva su ‘distribuzione diretta’ e ‘per conto’. “La distribuzione diretta e la distribuzione per conto”, ha spiegato, “hanno un valore complessivo in termini economici di oltre 8 miliardi, che corrispondono ad acquisti fatti dal Servizio sanitario nazionale, e presentano una diffusione eterogenea sul territorio.

Ci sono regioni che hanno una distribuzione diretta spinta, tra cui è evidenziata l’Emilia-Romagna, in cui arriva a un’incidenza del 90% sul totale”. Per renderle comparabili, ha proseguito, bisogna concentrarsi sulla distribuzione diretta di fascia A (ovvero farmaci non somministrati direttamente in ospedale, che sono invece detti di fascia H) e che riguarda i farmaci per malattie croniche: “su 6,6 miliardi, il valore della spesa per i pazienti cronici vale 4 miliardi”.

La distribuzione per conto, invece, vale circa 2,1 miliardi e comprende, ad esempio, “nuovi anticoagulanti orali, antidiabetici, immunosoppressori e alcuni antitumorali”. Al momento, ha concluso l’esperto Aifa, “non ci sono evidenze di una differente compliance, o aderenza del paziente alla terapia, rispetto alle due modalità di distribuzione, ma vogliamo condurre approfondimenti specifici per capire se la modalità di erogazione possa influenzare, in un modo o in un altro, l’aderenza al trattamento prescritto”.

(Regioni.it 4246 – 01/03/2022)

___________________________

Nello Martini in the Chamber: this is why some Regions "inflate" direct and dpc

Filiera – 25 febbraio 2022

Some Regions inflate the list of drugs entrusted to the dpc and that of medicines distributed in the first therapeutic cycle to increase the payback, keep the agreed expenditure low and thus obtain a "treasure" that can be used for other purposes. This was stated by Nello Martini, president of the ReS Foundation, in the second round of hearings organized the day before yesterday by the Social Affairs commission of the Chamber as part of the fact-finding investigation on direct distribution.

In 2020, explained the former AIFA dg, the dpc generated an expenditure of around two billion, for an average cost per pack of 40 euros. «Among the medicines that are distributed through this channel» he told the Commission «there are several class A medicines intended for the treatment of chronic pathologies, which therefore would be more correct to place in the circuit of the affiliated company.

Why then are they distributed on account? Primarily for savings, the Local Health Authorities buy them from the industry at a discounted ex-factory price of at least 50%». But, warned Martini, there is also another convenience that pushes to keep drugs in the dpc that would be more appropriate to place in the channel of the agreement: «Standing in the dpc, these medicines are loaded on the expense for direct purchases, where every breakthrough is half covered by industry; the agreed expenditure is thus kept low and the leftovers remain in the availability of the individual Regions ».

In essence, the mechanism would allow the Regions to "penetrate" the pharmaceutical expenditure that passes through local pharmacies, money which would then be used for other items rather than for pharmaceutical assistance. But, warned Martini, la dpc is an outdated and no longer sustainable model, because it generates inequalities and unloads an increasingly less justifiable social cost on patients.

«It is right to maintain direct distribution for highly complex drugs that require drug control patient» warned the president of the ReS Foundation «perhaps with the addition of home delivery and teleconsultation services so as not to force patients to go to the hospital until the check-up is due». Instead, it is necessary to remove from the dpc and move all the drugs indicated for chronic treatments to the affiliated companies, at the same time solving the problem of economic sustainability with a new remuneration for pharmacies based on a mixed model, fixed fee plus margin. «Let's not forget» Martini recalled «that the percentage margin represented the crisis point of the system when the first generation of personalized, i.e. high-cost, pharmacological therapies arrived».

Instead, Martini said again, it would be a mistake to insist on the dpc in the hope perhaps of bringing all the live drugs that no longer require monitoring in a protected environment to this channel. Thus, in fact, the pharmacy would be relegated to a sort of distribution "contractor" which would devalue its role and potential. Instead, the most appropriate destination of drugs whose use has by now been "territorialized" (Martini cited incretin and Nao as an example) is the affiliated circuit, also for reasons of fairness: «It is not clear why in Emilia In Romagna the diabetic must go to the hospital to get the drug he needs and in Lombardy instead at the pharmacy », he remarked. "The discretion left to the Regions has created disparities", Martini said clearly, "equity of access must be the bar for reorganizing the system". So enough with different distribution lists from one Region to another and with different fees to pharmacies for the dpc. "The differences must be overcome" concluded Martini "which create enormous inconvenience for patients". We await the reply of the Regions.

_______________________________

Rings (FNOMCeO): also involve the Houses of Community in the dispensation

The president of Fnomceo Anelli instead framed the question in the context of the transformations which, also on the thrust of the Pnrr, will affect the territorial health organization. So it will have to "expand the direct distribution of medicines, also involving community houses in the dispensing", but also by developing the delivery of medicines to the patient's home "through local pharmacies or with different mechanisms, in any case enhancing the role of general practitioners for prescriptions and pharmacists for dispensing".

"The current rules were born with the aim of improving the equity of access to care" recalled Anelli at the beginning of his speech. "Unfortunately, not all the Regions have fully believed in this mechanism and direct and/or on behalf distribution is applied patchily and in different ways on the territory".