The various world governments and the world in general will need pharmaceutical products made in China and India to really defeat the coronavirus: this is what Rory Horner, a professor at the University of Manchester and an expert on the Indian pharmaceutical industry, suggests in a new article in The Conversation doing 
understand how essential collaboration between the various governments is to achieve the result as soon as possible
The researcher also mentions the so-called "big pharma", a term which refers, at least usually, to the group to which the world's large pharmaceutical companies, usually American and European, belong.
According to Horner, pharmaceutical production in China and India will be crucial to at least getting the pandemic under control, whether it be the drug hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, antibody-based drugs or vaccines.
The researcher explains that the production of a drug takes place in two stages: the first sees the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), the second sees the production of formulations, substances that are combined with the APIs to transform the drug made during the first phase into something assimilable in the body, such as a tablet, liquid, ointment, etc.
And for over 10 years, China has been the largest producer of APIs in the world. In fact, it is estimated that 40% of all the APIs used in the world are produced in China and that China and India together produce from 75 to 80% of the imported APIs, for example in the United States.
Furthermore, India is the third largest producer of pharmaceutical products in the world, very often of drugs no longer covered by patents and therefore open for production and sale by any company, even due to the very low price.
India is also a major vaccine producer: the India Serum Institute, for example, is the largest vaccine producer by volume in the world.
In such a scenario, which sees total globalization of the pharmaceutical industry, the concerns of countries such as the United States and other Europeans are therefore natural, especially in the course of a pandemic such as the current one.
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